2023年全国硕士研究生英语一真题答案及解析（一）

　　2023非全日制研究生考试结束后，同学们在考后最关心的就是对答案了。我们第一时间为大家整理了全国硕士研究室英语真题及答案解析。详情如下：

　　一、完形填空

　　考察了丝绸之路上的驿站话题，选项没有什么特别难的词或者短语，文章逻辑也很好懂，考到了并列逻辑和举例逻辑，只要考生认真读题应该拿到不错的分数。

　　Use of English

　　Caravanserais were roadside inns that were built along the Silk Road in areas including

　　China, North Africa and the Middle East. They were typically __1__ outside the walls of a city or village and were usually funded by governments of __2__.

　　This word “Caravanserais” is a __3__ of the Persian word “karvan”, which means a group of travellers or a caravan, and seray, a palace or enclosed building. The Perm caravan was used to __4__ groups of people who travelled together across the ancient network for safety reasons, __5__ merchants, travellers or pilgrims. 　　From the 10th century onwards, as merchant and travel routes become more developed, the __6__ of the Caravanserais increased and they served as a safe place for people to rest at night. Travellers on the Silk Road __7__ possibility of being attacked by thieves or being __8__ to extreme conditions. For this reason, Caravanserais were strategically placed __9__ they could be reached in a day’s travel time. 　　Caravanserais served as an informal __10__ point for the various people who travelled the Silk Road. __11__, those structures became important centers for culture __12__ and interaction, with travelers sharing their cultures, ideas and beliefs, __13__ talking knowledge with them, greatly __14__ the development of several civilizations. 　　Caravanserais were also an important marketplace for commodities and __15__ in the trade of goods along the Silk Road. __16__, it was frequently the first stop merchants looking to sell their wares and __17__ supplies for their own journeys. It is __18__ that around 120000 to 15000 caravanserais were built along the Silk Road, __19__ only about 3000 are known to remain today, many of which are in __20__.

　　1、答案：C. located

　　2、答案：A. privately

　　3、答案：D. combination

　　4、答案：C. describe

　　5、答案：C. such as

　　6、答案：A. construction

　　7、答案：B. faced

　　8、答案：B. subjected

　　9、答案：A. so that

　　10、答案：D. meeting

　　11、答案：D. As a result

　　12、答案：C. exchange

　　13、答案：C. as well as

　　14、 答案：B. influencing

　　15、答案：A. aided

　　16、答案：B. indeed

　　17、答案：D. stock up on

　　18、答案：A. believed

　　19、答案：D. although

　　20、答案：A. ruins

　　二、阅读理解

　　Text 1

　　The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat, but the temperature will be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climate change is taught in Texas schools.

　　Pat Hardy, who sympathized with views of the energy sector, is resisting the proposed change to science standards for pre-teen pupils. These would emphasise the primacy of human activity in recent climate change and encourage discussion ofmitigation measures.

　　Most scientists and experts sharply dispute Hardy’s views. “They casually dismiss the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion.” says Dan Quinn, senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network, a non-profit group that monitors public education，“What millions of Texas kids learn in their public schools is determined too often by the political ideology of partisan board members, rather than facts and sound scholarship.”

　　Such debate reflects fierce discussion discussions across the US and around the world, as researchers, policymakers, teachers and students step up demands for a greater focus on teaching about the facts of climate change in schools.

　　A study last year by the National Center for Science Education, a non-profit group of scientists and teachers, looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher. Among the 10 worst performers were some of the most populous states, including Texas, which was given the lowest grade (F) and has a disproportionate influence because its textbooks are widely sold elsewhere. 　　Glenn Branch, the centre’s deputy director, cautions that setting state-level science standards is only one limited benchmark in a country that decentralises decisions to local school boards. Even if a state is considered a high performer in its science standards, “that does not mean it will be taught”, he says. 　　Another issue is that while climate change is well integrated into some subjects and at some ages - such as earth and space sciences in high schools- it is not as well represented in curricula for younger children and in subjects that are more widely taught, such as biology and chemistry. It is also less prominent in many social studies courses. 　　Branch points out that, even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus on climate change, unofficial educational materials that convey more slanted perspectives are being distributed to teachers. They include materials sponsored by libertarian think-tanks and energy industry associations.

　　21. In paragraph 1, the weather in Texas is mentioned to

　　答案：C. indicate the atmosphere at the board meeting

　　22. What does Quinn think of Hardy?

　　答案：B. She denies the value of scientific work.

　　23. The study mentioned in Paragraph 5

　　答案：A. Climate education is insufficient at state public school

　　24. According to Branch, state-level science standards in the US

　　答案：C. have limited influence

　　25. It is implied in the last paragraph that climate change teaching in some schools

　　答案：D. can be swayed by external forces

　　Text 2

　　Communities throughout the region have been attempting to regulate short-term rentals since sites like Airbnb took off in the 2010s. Now, with record-high home prices and historically low inventory, there’s an increased urgency in such regulation, particularly among those who worry that developers will come in and buy up swaths of housing to flip for a fortune on the short-term rental market.

　　In New Hampshire, where the rental vacancy rate has dropped below 1 percent, housing advocates fear unchecked short-term rentals will put further pressure on an already strained market. The state Legislature recently voted against a bill that would’ve made it illegal for towns to create legislation restricting short-term rentals. 　　“We are at a crisis level on the supply of rental housing, so anytime you’re taking the tool out of the toolkit for communities to address this, you’re potentially taking supply off the market that’s already incredibly stressed,’’ said Nick Taylor, executive director of the Workforce Housing Coalition of the Greater Seacoast. Without enough affordable housing in southern New Hampshire towns, “employers are having a hard time attracting employees, and workers are having a hard time finding a place to live,’’ Taylor said. 　　However, short-term rentals also provide housing for tourists, a crucial part of the economies in places like Nantucket, Cape Cod, or the towns that make up New Hampshire’s Seacoast and Lakes Region, pointed out Ryan Castle, CEO of the Cape Cod & Islands Association of Realtors. “A lot of workers are servicing the tourist industry, and the tourism industry is serviced by those people coming in short term,’’ Castle said, “and so it’s a cyclical effect.’’ 　　Short-term rentals themselves are not the crux of the issue, said Keren Horn, an affordable housing policy expert at the University of Massachusetts Boston. “I think individuals being able to rent out their second home is a good thing. If it’s their vacation home anyway, and it’s just empty, why can’t you make money off it?’’ Horn said. Issues arise, however, when developers attempt to create large-scale short-term rental facilities - de facto hotels - to bypass taxes and regulations. “I think the question is, shouldn’t a developer who’s really building a hotel, but disguising it as not a hotel, be treated and taxed and regulated like a hotel?’’ Horn said.

　　At the end of 2018, Governor Charlie Baker signed a bill to rein in those potential investor-buyers. “The bill requires every rental host to register with the state, mandates they carry insurance, and opens the potential for local taxes on top of a new state levy,’’ the Globe reported. Boston took things even further, limiting who is authorized to rent out their home, and requiring renters to register with the city’s Inspectional Services Department.

Horn said similar registration requirements could benefit other struggling cities and towns. The only way to solve the issue, however, is by creating more housing. “If we want to make a change in the housing market, the main one is we have to build a lot more.’’

　　26.Which of the following is true of New England?

　　答案：A. Its housing supply is at a very low level.

　　27.The bill mentioned in the Paragraph 2 was intended to?

　　答案：D. allow a free short-term rental market.

　　28 . Compared with Castle, Tailor is more likely to support?

　　答案：B in increase in a affordable housing

　　29. What does Horn emphasize in paragraph 3?

　　答案：C the necessity to stop developers from evading taxes.

　　30. Horn holds that imposing registration requirements is

　　答案：D an inadequate solution.